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→Viewing Permissions
The first character on this line is the file type ("-" meaning a regular file), and the next nine characters represent the three communities, each having three permissions. The permissions are written as a letter -- "r", "w", or "x" -- if the permission is enabled, or a dash "-" if the permission is disabled. Therefore, in the example above:
rw- the owner user who owns the file has read and write permission
r-- the group has read permission
r-- others have read permission
