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Updating instructions for new hostnames.
*Your host machine will be used to backup files from the virtual machines.
*Login to your host using your learnid and open a terminal window. Then "su -" to root run the following two commands:
mkdir -p /backup/vm01vm1 rsync -avz 192.168.x.2:/etc/ /backup/vm01vm1
*Still on the host run this command to verify rsync worked correctly:
ls /backup/vm01vm1*Notice that when running rsync you had to enter the password for root on vm01vm1. To automate this process so that it will run without requiring a password we'll use an RSA public/private key pair for passwordless authentication. To do this we'll have to generate an RSA public/private key pair on the host. We'll use an openssh command like this:
ssh-keygen -t rsa
*when you enter this command just hit ENTER for all the questions. Here's what I got when I ran it on my host
| . . |
+-----------------+
*Now you'll need to copy the host's public rsa key over to vm01vm1. Still on the host use this command (be sure you have the /root/.ssh/ directory on vm01 vm1 - if you don't then make it first):
scp /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 192.168.x.2:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
*Now verify that your new authentication method is working. Still on the host try to ssh to vm01 vm1 as root. You should be able to login without entering a password. If you were successful then move on to the next step, otherwise repeat steps 3 and 4.
*Install mailx on the host if it's not already installed.
yum -y install mailx
*Now, still as root on the host, use the command 'crontab -e' to edit root's cron table. Insert the following line:(Instead of the IP Address "192.168.X.2", use the IP address of your vm01vm1) 55 * * * * /usr/bin/rsync -avz 192.168.X.2:/etc/ /backup/vm01 vm1 *At 55 minutes past the hour rsync should synchronize the /etc/ directory of vm01 vm1 to the /backup/vm01vm1/etc/ directory on the host. If this time has passed and you don't want to wait an hour for the next time rsync runs, just edit root's cron table on the host and enter another time for the backup to take place.*You should check that /etc/ is being backed up by adding some file (say 'touch /etc/junk' on vm01vm1) to /etc and then see if it was indeed copied to the host.
*After the cron job runs, root on the host should have received an email containing the output of the cron job. Verify this by using the mail command to check root's mail. Note that that mail may take a minute to show up.
*Finally, edit root's cron table and add another record to backup the /home directory of vm01 vm1 to /backup/vm01vm1/home on the host once each week at 2am on Saturday.
===Using syslog to route log files to a remote host===
*Now we will configure your machines to copy their logs to VM 3.
*On your vm01 vm1 edit /etc/rsyslog.conf and make the following change:
#*.* @@remote-host:514
*Still on VM 3, restart rsyslog.
*Now on vm01 vm1 use the logger command to verify logging messages are getting through to your Vm 3. Try this command
logger -p user.warn "Hello World"
*Use the command "tail /var/log/messages" on the logging VM to view the results of the previous step.
==Completing the Lab==
Upon completion of this lab you should have your host automatically backing up your VM01VM1's /etc and /home directories, and all of your machines should be sending copies of their logs to your VM03VM3.
You have now gained experience using tools to make, and to automate, remote backups
