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[[Category:OPS235]]{{Admon/caution|DraftLab|This lab has NOT been released for regular distribution. When the lab is ready to be released, this caution banner will disappear.}}= Install and Configure Setting Up, Using & Maintaining a DHCP Server =[[Category:OPS235]][[Category:OPS235 Labs]]
==Overview==
* In this lab, you will learn how to setup, and run a DHCP server on your f16host fedora3 machine, and then test-out the DHCP server by booting setting up your other VMs to receive an IP addresses from the DHCP server.
== Objectives ==
* To obtain log information from DHCP server including lease address information.
* To lease the same IP address every-time from VM boot-up (instead of having DHCP server randomly assign IP address).
==Required Materials (Bring to All Labs)==
* '''Fedora 16 17 LIVE CD''' - You can burn this onto a CD-R in the Open Lab* '''Fedora 16 x_64 17 x86_64 Installation DVD''' - You can burn this onto a DVD-R in the Open Lab (or burn image onto a DVD+R if you are using the Freedom Toaster).* '''SATA Hard Disk''' (in removable disk tray)* '''USB Memory Stick''' (minimum 64M)* '''Lab Logbook (Lab5 Reference Sheet)''' (to make notes and observations).
==Prerequisites==
* Completion and Instructor "Sign-off" of Lab 67: [[OPS235 Lab 7]]
{|width="100%" cellpadding="5" width="50%"
|'''Networking Utilities / Files:'''
|'''Additional Utilities:'''
|'''Configuration Files:'''
|- valign="top"
|
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/dhcpd.8.php dhcpd]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8/ifconfig.8.php ifconfig]
|*[http://www.linuxcertif.com/man/1/systemctl/ systemctl]*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man8man1/dhcpdtail.81.php dhcpdtail]|
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man5/dhcpd.conf.5.php dhcpd.conf]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man5/dhcp-options.5.php dhcpd-options]
*[http://linuxmanpages.com/man5/dhcpd.leases.5.php dhcpd.leases]
|}
==Resources on the web==
Additional links to tutorials and HOWTOs:
* [http://docs.fedoraproject.org/deployment-guide/f12/en-US/html/s1-dhcp-configuring-server.html Fedora DHCP Configuration Guide]
* [http://www.isc.org/software/dhcp Internet Software Consortium DHCP page]
== Install and Configure a DHCP Server == === Lab Preparation ===
{{Admon/important | Update your systems | It is advisable to perform a <code>yum update</code> on your Fedora host and all 3 VM's.}}
{{Admon/note |ISC DHCP packages Overview | The version of DHCP server (rpm package name called '''dhcp-4.1.1-9.fc16.x86_64''' ) that comes with Fedora is maintained and distributed by the Internet Software Consortium (http://www.isc.org). The source package that you can download from ISC includes not only the DHCP server, but also a DHCP client and a DHCP relay agent. However, Fedora separates it into two RPM packages: the DHCP client package called '''dhclient-4.1.1-9.fc16.x86_64''' and the DHCP server package called '''dhcp-4.1.1-9.fc16.x86_64'''. The DHCP client package is installed by default by the workstation installation.}}
=== Investigation 1: How do you install the DHCP Server? ===
{{Admon/note | Use your fedora3 VM | Complete the following steps on your fedora3 VM.}}
# On a fedora3 terminal window make sure that the command <code>tail -f /var/log/messages</code> is running.
# On your fedora2 VM, change the configuration of <span style="background-color:yellow">em1</span> '''eth1''' (or your interface name) to receive dynamic address configuration.
# Save your changes and restart the <code>NetworkManager</code> service.
# Observe the messages that get logged. You should see output similar to the following:
<pre style="background-color:yellow">
Mar 24 13:28:24 fedora3 dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 52:54:00:61:00:e7 via eth2
Mar 24 13:28:25 fedora3 dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.235.51 to 52:54:00:61:00:e7 via eth2
Mar 24 13:28:25 fedora3 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.235.51 to 52:54:00:61:00:e7 via eth2
</pre>
{{Admon/note | Note! Identifying DHCP Lease Transaction Information | These messages record the DHCP lease transaction that consists of 4 broadcast packets, DISCOVER, OFFER, REQUEST and ACKNOWLEDGE. Try researching on the internet how this transaction differs from a DHCP lease renewal.}}<ol><li value="5">On fedora2 , confirm the IP address assignment using <code>ifconfig</code></li>
</ol>
'''Answer the Investigation 5 observations / questions in your lab log book.'''
== Obtaining Lease Information & Lease Permanent IP Address ==
=== Investigation 6: Where does the dhcp server store a record of leased addresses?===
}
</pre>
{{Admon/note | Note! Purpose of <code>dhcpd.leases</code> File | dhcpd records address leases in this file. If the service is restarted it reads in the file to know which addresses are currently leased and for how long.}}<ol><li value="3">On the client fedora2 check the contents of the<code>/var/lib/dhclient</code> directory. The files in this directory is where the dhclient stores its record of leases.</li>
</ol>
{{Admon/note | Use your fedora2 and fedora3 VMs | Complete the following steps on your fedora2 and fedora3 VM's.}}
{{Admon/note | Note! Reserving IP Addresses with DHCP | Even though DHCP gives out IP address dynamically, it also has the ability to reserve an IP address for a certain computer. In this sense it's almost as if the client computer has a static IP even though it uses DHCP to get it. This is useful if you want to be able to put entries in your /etc/hosts file and not have to worry about the entry becoming invalid over time. In Linux we refer to this as supplying a fixed address to a host. Microsoft calls it a reservation.}}
# Make certain that you are located in your fedora3 virtual machine.
# Create a host declaration for fedora2. Make sure you record the correct <code>hardware ethernet</code> setting that corresponds to the MAC address of the interface in fedora2.
# Give it the fixed-address 192.168.235.12
{{Admon/tip | Note! Avoiding IP Address Conflicts | When supplying fixed-address it is important that the address assigned is exclusive of any ranges that have been declared. Otherwise it may be possible for 2 different hosts to receive the same address.}}
<ol><li value="3">Start your service and test the address assignment by releasing your current address on fedora2 and then requesting a new address. Use the following commands on fedora2:</li>
</ol>
::: <code>dhclient -r ifdown eth1</code>::: <code>dhclient ifup eth1</code>
<ol><li value="4">Confirm that you received the fixed address you were supposed to.</li>
</ol>
'''Answer the Investigation 7 observations / questions in your lab log book.'''
== Completing the lab ==
* DHCP client lease file
== Preparing for the Quizzes ==
# What protocol and port does dhcp use?