Changes

The transition from single to multi-core systems came from the need to address the limitations of manufacturing technologies for single-core systems. Single-core systems suffered by several limiting factors such as including: * individual transistor gate size, * physical limits in the design of integrated circuits which caused significant heat dissipation, and * synchronization issues with the coherency of data.  Some instruction-level parallelism methods were used to improve single-core performance such as superscalar pipelining which enables the processor to execute multiple instruction pipelines concurrently within a single clock cycle, but they were not suited for many applications. Such issues with instruction-level parallelism were predominantly dictated by the disparity between the speed by which the processor operated and the access latency of system memory, which costed the processor many cycles by having to stall and wait for the fetch operation from system memory to complete.