{{Admon/tip|Bash Shell Scripting Tips:|<br><ul><li>'''The Here Document'''<br><br>A neat little trick involving a special type of redirection of stdin ( '''&lt;&lt;''' ) that allows input to be redirected to a command from within the command. '''The name relates to where the stdin is contained: not in a file, but "here in the command itself"'''. A character (like '''+''') is used to mark the boundary of stdin. It is important that the ending boundary only contains a line with that matching character (eg '''+'''); otherwise the stdin will continue to be read! This command is a convenience way to display multiple lines on that screen, but this command can be used with any Linux command that accept stdin.<br><br><u>'''Examples''' (try at the shell prompt)</u><br><br>''cat &lt;&lt;+<br>This is a test message<br>This is the second line<br>+''<br><br>''mail -s "test message" youremailaddr &lt;&lt;+<br>This is a test message<br>I hope you like it.''<br>+<br><br>''tr [a-z] [A-Z] &lt;&lt;+<br>i like ops235<br>i love scripting.<br>+''<br><br></li><li>'''Using sed to Manipulate Text'''<br><br>x<br><br></li><li>'''<u>Examples''' (try at the shell prompt)</u><br><br></li></ul>}}