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[[Category:OPS235]][[Category:OPS235 Labs]]
== Objectives ==
* Format, mount, use, and unmount ext2ext3, ext3ext4, and vfat filesystems on USB flash drives.
* Create filesystems on various storage devices
* Create hard disk partitions
* Backup filesystems and images
* Mount a filesystem stored within a a regular file
== Reference ==
* [http://linuxmanpages.com/ man pages] for cp, mount, umount, fdisk, mkdir, file, mke2fs, mkfs, dumpe2fs, grep, dd
* Online reading material for weeks 1 and 2.
== Required materials ==
* [http://fedoraproject.org/get-fedora Fedora 12] Live CD
* USB flash drive, 1 GB 64 MB or more in size (Warning: the contents of this drive will be erased)* One SATA hard disk in a removable drive tray (minimum 80GB)
== Instructions ==
Answer the Investigation 1 question: How does Linux enable you to access two different drives without using a drive designator? (Write the answer in your lab log book).
=== Investigation 2: How do you create a vfat or ext2 ext3 filesystem? ===
{{Admon/tip | Flash drives with no partition table | If your device name ends in a letter (for example, it is <code>/dev/sdb</code> instead of <code>/dev/sdb1</code>), add <code>-I</code> to the <code>mkfs</code> commands in this section. This is because your USB flash drive does not have a partition table, which normally causes an error; the <code>-I</code> option tells mkfs to proceed anyways.}}
# Unmount your USB flash drive.
# Enter the command: <code>mkfs -t ext2 ext3 /dev/sda1sdb1</code>
#* What is the purpose of this command? Use the man page for mkfs to research what you did with this command.
#* Did we execute the command on the device name or the mount point?
# Once the device is mounted do a long directory listing of the mount point. What has changed?
# Do an internet search to find out what the <code>lost+found</code> directory is for. Record your findings in your notes.
# Create a new file on the device using the same technique used in step 16Investigation 1.
# Unmount the device and remount it on the original mount point. Is the new file there?
# Type the command mount and observe the type value for the USB flash drive filesystem. Compare this value to the type found in step 14Investigation 1.
# Change your current working directory to where the device is mounted.
# Attempt to unmount the USB flash drive. What was the result? Why? Record your findings in your notes.
# Consult the man pages for <code>mkfs</code> and <code>mkfs.ext3</code> to see how to reformat the device to a ext3 file system with a volume label that is the same as your learn ID.
# Enter the command to reformat the device.
# The <code>dumpe2fs /dev/sdb1</code> command will allow us to see detailed information about ext2/ext3 filesystems. Use it to confirm your volume label is correct and record the size of your journal.
# Mount the device again as an ext3 filesystem.
# While the device is still mounted reformat the device as a vfat filesystem. What error message did you receive? Why? Record your conclusions in your notes.
# Unmount the device and format it as vfat.
# Now you will investigate what happens when you copy files to the device name rather than the mount point. Issue the command cp /etc/hosts /dev/sda1sdb1# Now mount your device. Was it successfullsuccessful? Try mounting it as ext2ext3. Was it successfullsuccessful? What has happened to the filesystem on the device?
# Reformat it as vfat and mount it.
# Unmount the device.
=== Final Task - Copy some files from your system to a USB flash drive in Fedora Linux ===
Task: Reformat your USB flash drive as an ext2 ext3 filesystem with a volume label of "LAB1" and copy the files /etc/services, /etc/issue and /etc/networks to it. Mount your flash drive on /media/lab-one and show it to your Professor along with your detailed lab notes.
=== Completing the Lab ===