*** If we use instead use the same voltages and cable length to carry a binary signal, where 0 volts = off and 5 volts = on, a signal that had degraded from 5 volts to 4.1 volts would still be counted as a "1" and a 0 volt signal with some stray electromagnetic interference presenting as (say) 0.4 volts would still be counted as "0". However, we will need to use multiple bits to carry larger numbers -- either in parallel (multiple wires side-by-side), or sequentially (multiple bits presented over the same wire in sequence).

* Integers

** In an unsigned integer, the bits are numbered from right to left starting at 0, and the value of each bit is <code>2^bit</code>. The value represented is the sum of each bit multiplied by its corresponding bit value. The range of an unsigned integer is <code>0:2^bits-1</code> where bits is the number of bits in the unsigned integer.

** Signed integers are generally stored in twos-complement format, where the highest bit is used as a sign bit. If that bit is set, the value represented is <code>-(!value)-1</code> where ! is the NOT operation (each bit gets flipped from 0&rarr;1 and 1&rarr;0)