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{{Admon/caution|DO NOT USE THIS VERSION OF THE LAB. This page will no longer be updated.|'''New version here:''' https://seneca-ictoer.github.io/ULI101/A-Tutorials/tutorial1<br />'''Andrew's students please go here:''' http://wiki.littlesvr.ca/wiki/OPS145_Lab_1}}=LEARNING ABOUT USING YOUR MATRIX SERVER ACCOUNT=<br>===Main Objectives of this Practice Tutorial=== :* Understand the purpose of the Learn how to access your '''Matrix server''' server account (from home and the <u>'''advantage'''</u> of combining Linux servers or from Seneca computer lab).* Learn several ways to form a '''clusterexit'''. :* List the steps to connect to your Matrix server account from a workstation <u>within</u> a computer lab at Seneca College'''Linux Account session. :* List Understand the steps to connect to your Matrix server account from your '''laptopLinux command structure''' or and how to get '''home computerhelp'''with Linux command usage. :* Learn to Effectively Use the Become efficient with '''Command PromptLinux command line editing''' (Linux by using '''shellshort-cut keys''').:* Perform the Issue a '''first two sections on the online assignment #1checking program''' to issue (i.e. ''Shell Script'general Linux commands') to ''. :* '''Exitconfirm''' that you accessed your Matrix Linux Accountaccount. :* Perform '''Review QuestionsLINUX PRACTICE QUESTIONS''' for '''additional Linux Command Practice'''<br><br>practice.
===Tutorial Reference Material===
|- valign="top" style="padding-left:15px;"
|colspan="2" |Course Notes'''Slides:'''<ul><li>Week 1 Lecture 1 Notes:<br>[https://ictwiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca/~uli101/notesslides/Week01ULI101-1.1.pdf PDF] | [https://ictwiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca/~uli101/notesslides/Week01ULI101-1.1.pptx PPTX]</li></ulli>TutorialsWeek 1 Lecture 2 Notes:<ul><libr>[https://wiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca/uli101/slides/ULI101-1.2.pdf PDF] | [HOWTOhttps: Access Your Matrix Account]//wiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca/uli101/slides/ULI101-1.2.pptx PPTX]<br></li></ul>'''Tutorials:'''<ul><li>[httphttps://czegelwiki.comcdot.senecacollege.ca/senecawiki/uli101/lectures/Lecture1.html Les Czegel's Week 1 Notes (HTML)Tutorial_1:_Using_Your_Matrix_Server_Account#INVESTIGATION_1:_ACCESSING_YOUR_MATRIX_LINUX_ACCOUNT HOWTO: Access Your Matrix Account]</li></ul>'''Windows SSH client Software:'''<ul><li>[http://www.sfsu.edu/ftp/win/ssh/SSHSecureShellClient-3.2.9.exe SSH/SFTP]</li><li>[httphttps://thewww.chiark.earthgreenend.liorg.uk/%7Esgtatham~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/putty.exe html Putty]</li><li>[https://www.bitvise.com/ssh-client-download Bitvise SSH Client]</li><li>[https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/download-home-edition.html MovaXterm]</li></ul>
| style="padding-left:15px;" |Logging Out of '''Matrix ServerAccount Access:'''
*[https://ss64.com/bash/logout.html logout , exit]<br>
*[https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-typing-Ctrl+C-and-Ctrl+D-in-the-Linux-terminal <ctrl><d>]<br>Account Access
*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/passwd.1.html passwd]<br>
*[https://www.ostechnix.com/list-useful-bash-keyboard-shortcuts/ Bash Shell Shortcut Keys]<br>
| style="padding-left:15px;"|'''General Linux Commands:'''
*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/pwd.1.html pwd]<br>
*[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/cd.1p.html cd]<br>
|colspan="1" style="padding-left:15px;" width="30%"|'''Brauer Instructional Videos:'''<ul><li>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5RcOngDV_o Connecting to Matrix Using SSH Client, and Running UBUNTU Within Windows 10]<br><br></li><li>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wZmZOKLllk&list=PLU1b1f-2Oe90TuYfifnWulINjMv_Wr16N&index=2 Linux File System, Basic Navigation (ls, cd, pwd, tree), Absolute and Relative Paths]</li></ul>
|colspan="1" style="padding-left:15px;" width="30%"|Brauer Instructional Videos:<ul><li>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEH6i_BKOBo&list=PLU1b1f-2Oe90TuYfifnWulINjMv_Wr16N&index=2&t=0s Connecting to Matrix Using SSH Client, Starting the Assignments, and Running UBUNTU Within Windows 10]<br><br></li><li>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wZmZOKLllk&list=PLU1b1f-2Oe90TuYfifnWulINjMv_Wr16N&index=2 Linux File System, Basic Navigation (ls, cd, pwd, tree), Absolute and Relative Paths]</li></ul>}
===Purpose of Having a Your Student Account on Matrix Account===
While attending Seneca College, you will be using many different computer systems to perform various operations.
Some of these servers include:
|-
| style="padding-left:0px;width:10%" |'''mylearn.senecacollege.ca'''| style="padding-left:15px;width:65%" |Learning Content Management System (''Link to Resources'' / ''Student Grades / Notes / Online Quizzes) |-| style="padding-left:0px;width:10%" |''/ 'ict.senecacollege.ca'Online Quizzes''| style="padding-left:15px;width:65%" |Main ICT Webserver)
|-
| style="padding-left:0px;width:10%" |'''wiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca'''
| style="padding-left:15px;width:65%" |Course WIKIs for Seneca College Students''Lecture Notes'' / ''Tutorials'' (weekly, review) / ''Practice Questions'' / ''Additional Learning Resources''
|-
| style="padding-left:0px;width:10%" |'''<span style="color:blue;">matrix.senecacollege.ca</span>'''| style="padding-left:15px;width:65%" |Matrix is our Linux Account server environment used for Student Practice and Assignment submission"''hands-on practice''". Each ULI101 student has an account on this server.
|}
[[Image:cli-prompt.png|thumb|right|120px|A '''shell''' is an interface / interpreter to allow a user to communicate with the Linux computer system. ]]
Although you need to study concepts throughout this course (slides, etc.), you will also need to get '''hands-on practice running Linux commands as well as performing and submitting online tutorials'''.
===Layout of the Matrix Linux Server===[[Image:matrix-layout.png|thumb|right|350px250px|The Matrix server consists of several Virtual Computers all connected together to form a '''cluster'''. A cluster '''Linux Cluster''' is a '''cost effective''' alternative to larger servers. ]]
The '''Matrix server ''' consists of '''several Virtual Computers computers connected together''' to form a '''cluster'''. <br>A '''Linux cluster ''' is a '''cost effective''' alternative to buying larger servers.
All registered students in this course should have an account on the Matrix server.<br>You will be using this account for the following reasons:
:* Issuing '''Linux commands'''
:* Becoming productive using the Linux '''command prompt''' ('''shell''')
:* Performing '''Linux Practice Tutorials'''('''11 Weekly Tutorials x 2% = 22% of your final grade'''):* Performing '''Linux AssignmentsPractice Questions''':* Performing '''Review Tutorial''' ('''38 Sections x 1% = 8% of your final grade''') ===Connecting to the Seneca Student VPN===[[Image:* Practice Issuing gp1.png|thumb|right|130px|'''Seneca Student VPN''' ]] All Seneca College students are required to connect to the '''Seneca Student VPN''' in order to be able to connect to their '''Matrix'''Linux Command Review Questionsaccount when outside of campus as a '''network security''' measure. The Seneca Student VPN uses multi-factor authentication (MFA) when logging in to verify you are who you say you are. ''<b>Multi-factor authentication</b> is an electronic authentication method in which a computer user is granted access to a website or application only after successfully presenting two or more pieces of evidence (or factors) to an authentication mechanism: knowledge (something the user and only the user knows).''Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-factor_authentication You should have received an e-mail message with instructions on how to set up your smartphone for multi-factor authentication. If you haven't installed it yet, please do so by following the ITS instructions here: https://students.senecacollege.ca/spaces/186/it-services/wiki/view/1025/student-vpn
In the next investigation, you will learn how to '''connect''' to and '''login''' to your Matrix server account from a remote computer such as your '''home desktop computer''', '''laptop''' or '''tablet''' computer.
=INVESTIGATION 1: ACCESSING YOUR MATRIX LINUX ACCOUNT=
{{Admon/important|ATTENTION: This weekly tutorial must be completed by ''Friday at 11:59pm in Week 2'' to obtain a grade of ''2%'' towards this course.|It is essential that you complete these Weekly Tutorials fully and on time. These are your major learning tool in the course. There are no late marks.}}
In this section, you will learn how to access your Matrix Linux account by two different methods:
:* From your '''home computer''' <br>:* From a '''workstation in a Seneca College''' lab via '''MyApps''' ===METHOD 1: CONNECTING TO YOUR MATRIX ACCOUNT FROM YOUR HOME COMPUTER=== [[Image:gp1.png|thumb|right|130px|The '''Seneca Student VPN''' service must be connected.]]You will now learn a quick and simple method of connecting to your Matrix account by opening<br>a text-based '''terminal''' (in any OS) and issuing the '''ssh command'''.<br><br> '''Perform the Following Steps:''' # If you want to connect to your Matrix account from home, you MUST first connect to the Seneca Student VPN.<br>Make certain that your '''Seneca Student VPN is connected'''.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' If you haven't set this up, refer to the following link for instructions;<br>https://students.senecacollege.ca/spaces/186/it-services/wiki/view/1025/student-vpn<br><br>You only have to connect to your Seneca student VPN once during the day,<br>or while you are logged into your computer.<br><br># Determine which '''operating system''' that your computer is using.<br><br># Try connecting to your Matrix account using the instructions in the '''table''' below based on <u>workstationyour</u> '''withincurrent operating system'''.<br><br><table style="margin-left:50px;"> <tr valign="top" style="text-align:center;"> <th>'''Windows 10 (or above):'''</th> <th>'''macOS:''' </th> <th>'''Linux:''' </th> </tr> <tr> <td>*From the start menu, type '''cmd''' and launch program*In the command terminal, enter the following command:<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-size:.75em;">ssh senecausername@matrix.senecacollege.ca</span> </td> <td>*Click ''Launchpad'' icon, type '''terminal''' a <br>and press '''Seneca College labENTER'''*In the terminal, enter the following command:<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-size:.75em;">ssh senecausername@matrix.senecacollege.ca</span> </td> <td> * From the menu, choose:<br>'''Applications''' > '''System Tools''' > '''Terminal'''*In the terminal, enter the following command:<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-size:.75em;">ssh senecausername@matrix.senecacollege.ca</span> </td> </tr></table><ol><li value="4">When connecting securely for the '''first time''', a '''dialog box''' will appear to share a "'''public key'''" with your Matrix account in order to make your interaction between your workstation and the remote Linux server secure within the network (i.e. encrypted to prevent unauthorized access by other users)<br><br>''<b>FYI:</b> To make communications over a network '''secure''', a computer generates '''two keys''': a '''private key''' that is kept on the computer, and a '''public key''', which can be shared with other computers. Transmissions from your computer uses the private key to encrypt ('''scramble''') transmission to the remote computer, which in turn, uses the public key to decrypt (unscramble) the transmission. Likewise, the remote computer uses the public key to encrypt (scramble) transmissions and your computer uses the private key to decrypt ('''unscramble''') those transmissions.''<br><br></li><li>Type '''yes''' and press '''ENTER''' to share your public key.<br><br>Next, a '''dialog box''' will appear prompting you for your Matrix account '''password''' in order to gain entry to your Matrix account.<br>Your Matrix password is <u>ownidentical</u> computer to your Seneca password.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' As you type the password, the text may be '''hidden''' to prevent others from viewing your password<br><br></li><li>Enter your Seneca password and press '''ENTER'''<br><br></li>'''NOTE:''' If you encounter an '''error message''', this can occur for several reasons:<ol><li>You mis-spelled the '''name of the server'''</li><li>You mis-spelled your Matrix '''username''' (same username that you connect to ''my.senecacollege.ca'')</li><li>You have '''CAPS LOCK''' on by mistake (your username should be '''lowercase''' only).</li><li>You mis-spelled your '''password''' (same password that you connect to ''my.senecacollege.ca'')<br><br>If you continue to experience the same problems, click on the following link for IT service desk contact info: <br>[https://students.senecacollege.ca/spaces/190/support/wiki/view/1473/contact-its '''IT service desk'''].<br><br></li></ol><li>If you entered your password correctly, the '''Matrix Linux shell''' should appear where you can enter Linux commands.<br><br>The '''Matrix''' server has been configured to allow users to '''only interact with the Linux OS by issuing commands'''.<br>The main reason for this is to '''force students to learn how to issue Linux commands'''.<br><br></li><li>To '''exit''' your Matrix session, type the command <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">exit</span> followed by '''ENTER'''<br><br>'''NOTE:''' You should notice that you are returned to the original command prompt where you issued the ''ssh'' command.<br><br></li><li>Type the same command at the '''command terminal prompt''': <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">exit</span> followed by '''ENTER'''<br><br>'''NOTE:''' You should notice that the you are disconnected and that the original terminal window has '''withinautomatically closed''' or .<br><br></li><li>Try accessing your Matrix account, and then exiting your Matrix account several times to become familiar with this process.<br><br>You will now learn an '''alternative method'outside''to access your Matrix account (if you have an MS Windows machine)<br>by downloading and running a graphical SSH application.</li></ol><br> ===METHOD 2: CONNECTING TO YOUR MATRIX ACCOUNT FROM SENECA COMPUTER LAB=== <span style="color:red;font-weight:bold;">NOTE: This section requires you have access to a Seneca computer lab on campus.<br>If you don' t have access to a Seneca computer lab this semester, then you can skip this section</span><br><br> You can also connect to your Matrix server account in the '''Seneca CollegeComputer lab via MyApps''' .<br><br>One advantage of this method is that your are at the college; therefore, '''you do NOT have to worry about connecting to the Seneca VPN'''. Another advantage of using this method is to introduce you to a '''graphical program''' to allow you connect to your Matrix account as opposed to using the '''ssh''' command (shown in the previous section).<br>
[[Image:apps-anywhere-main-window.png|thumb|right|250px|'''MyApps''' ('''AppsAnywhere''') Main Window ]]
'''MyApps''' ('''AppsAnywhere''') is an application streaming service that lets you install software on any Seneca PC on demand. Any software application on the MyApps menu can be used on computers in classrooms, labs, and the Computing Commons.
You will now use '''MyApps ''' on your Windows workstation in your Seneca lab room to launch an application<br>to allow you to connect and login to your Matrix server account.
[[Image:apps-anywhere.png|thumb|right|250px|Several SSH applications will appear. We will use the application called '''SSH Client''' for this practice tutorial. ]]
# Start your workstation in your lab and login to your Seneca Windows account.<br><br>
# Make certain that the '''MyApps''' window is open. This window should have opened shortly after you logged into your Windows workstation. If the application windows is not open, click on the '''MyApps''' icon on the desktop to launch).<br><br>[[Image:ssh-main-window.png|thumb|right|150px|SSH Client Application Window ]]<span style="color:red;font-weight:bold;">NOTE: You may be required to validate in order to use MyApps correctly. If you see near the top of the screen "requires validation", then click on that area to connect to validate.</span><br><br>
# Click on the '''Search Apps''' area located in the top right corner of the MyApps window and type the word: <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ssh</span><br><br>
# Several SSH applications will appear. <br><br>'''NOTE:''' All of these applications allow you to connect to your Matrix account.<br>We will use the application called '''SSH Secure Shell Client''' for this practice tutorial.<br><br>
# Next, a dialog box will appear prompting you for your Matrix account password in order to gain entry to your Matrix account. Your Matrix password is identical to your Seneca password. As you type the password, the text will be blocked-out or hidden to prevent others from viewing the screen to obtain your password[[Image:ssh-authentication-response.png|thumb|right|150px|Authentication Response Dialog Box ]]<br><br>
# Enter your password and click '''OK''' or press '''ENTER'''<br><br>[[Image:ssh-login-error.png|thumb|right|150px|SSH Login Error ]]
# Click '''OK''' or press '''ENTER''' at the '''Authentication Response''' dialog box.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' If you encounter an '''error message''', this can occur for several reasons:<ol><li>You mis-spelled the '''name of the server'''</li><li>You mis-spelled your Matrix '''username''' (same username that you connect to my.senecacollege.ca)</li><li>You have '''CAPS LOCK''' on by mistake (your username should be '''lowercase''' only).</li><li>You mis-spelled your '''password''' (same password that you connect to my.senecacollege.ca)</li></ol><br>If you encountered an error logging in, issue the same steps to connect to your Matrix account,<br>but carefully check your server name, username and your password. If you continue to experience the same problems,click on the following link for IT service desk contact info: <br>you can go to the computer help [https://students.senecacollege.ca/spaces/190/support/wiki/view/1473/contact-its '''IT service desk in the learning commons to get help'''].<br><br>[[Image:ssh-shell-window.png|thumb|right|150px|Matrix Shell Command Line Interface ]]#If you entered your password correctly, the main SSH Linux shell should appear where you enter Linux commands.<br><br>The '''Matrix''' server has been configured to allow users to '''only interact with the Linux OS by issuing commands'''. There are various reasons for this, but the main 2 reasons are to '''force students to learn how to issue Linux commands''' as well as '''limitations to remote access to a graphical Linux server''' due to large number of users (students).<br><br>Later in the course, your instructor may demonstrate other ways of accessing '''graphical versions of Linux''', and how to launch a shell terminal.<br><br>[[Image:ssh-settings-window.png|thumb|right|150px|SSH Settings Dialog Box ]]
You can '''configure''' the SSH application to adjust elements such as the '''window size''' and '''text font type''' and text '''font size'''. We will be showing you how to configure your SSH Secure Shell Client, but the other applications can allow you to configure their settings.<br><br>
# It is recommended to repeat these steps with connecting to your Matrix account from a Seneca lab workstation until you become comfortable with the process.<br><br>
In the next sectioninvestigation, you will learn how to connect issue Linux commands from the command prompt (referred to as the "shell"), learn how to get help with Linux commands, use command-line editing short cut keys, and run a program to confirm that you connected to your Matrix server account from a different computer<br>(in order to get marks for example: your laptop computer at Seneca College or your computer at home)this online tutorial.<br><br>
===Part INVESTIGATION 2: Access your Matrix Account From your own computer within or outside USING THE LINUX SHELL =In this investigation, you will learn how to use the Linux Shell. Topics in the Seneca College Network ===section include:
An argument is used to change the default behaviour of a command. Arguments come in three major forms: # A command '''option'''.#* Example: <code>-l</code># A '''file pathname'''.#* Example: <code>/etc<br/code>In this section, you will learn how to # A series of characters (i.e. '''text''') that the command can use the Linux Shell. Topics in the section include#* Example:<code>"Hello, world."</code>
# Confirm that you are logged into your Matrix account.# Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">pwd</span>#* '''Explanation:''' The Bash shell output from this Linux command shows your '''current location''' on the Matrix server (otherwise known as your '''p'''resent '''w'''orking '''d'''irectory). This represents a '''directory pathname''' to your home directory. We will discuss ''pathnames'' later in this course.# Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">ls</span>#* '''Question:''' What do you notice?#* '''Answer:''' If there are any files in your home directory, only their file names are displayed.# Change your directory location by issuing the following command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">cd /etc</span># Issue the following Linux command to confirm your changed current location: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">pwd</span>#* '''Result:''' Your Linux session should display <code>/etc/</code> when running this command. If your output is different, retrace your steps to make sure you haven't skipped anything or had a typo in Matrix allows a command.# Issue the following Linux command again: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">ls</span>#* '''Question:''' What do you notice? How is this different from the last time you ran it?# Re-run the ls command using an '''option''': <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">ls -l</span>#* '''Question:''' What do you notice?#* '''Answer:''' The '''-l''' option combined with the '''ls''' command displays a '''detailed''' ("''long''") listing of the same files, providing you with more information about each file. This is called metadata (data about data), and includes information such as last modified date, file size, ownership and permissions.# Return to your home directory: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">cd</span># Now confirm you 've changed back to interact your home directory: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">pwd</span>#* '''Result:''' The shell should display <code>/home/''yourusername''</code># Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">ls /bin</span># Issue the following Linux command to confirm your current location: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">pwd</span>#* '''Question:''' What do you notice?#* '''Question:''' What makes this command with that argument useful if you are currently located in your account by issuing commandshome directory?# Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">clear</span>#* '''Question:''' What do you notice? Why is this command helpful?#* '''Tip:''' The shortcut keys to clear the screen for the Bash shell are: <span style="font-family:courier;color:font-weight:bold">ctrl-l</span># Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">who</span>#* '''Question:''' What information does this command show?#* '''Answer:''' This command lists users that are logged into the same Linux server as yourself.#* '''NOTE:''' Remember that the Matrix Linux cluster contains several servers (or nodes). It won't display all users logged into the cluster, only the ones on the same node as you. # Issue the following Linux command: <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">whoami</span>#* '''Question:''' What does this command display?#* '''Question:''' What do you think is the purpose of this command?# Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">cal</span>#* '''Question:''' What does this command do?# Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">cal 2035</span>#* '''Question:''' How and why is the output different?# Issue the following Linux command: <span style="font-family:courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">cal 2 2035</span>#* '''Question:''' What do each of these numbers do?#* '''Question:''' What do you think would happen if you reversed the order of those arguments? (i.e.cal 2035 2)
With the Linux OS containing over '''Linux Command Structure2500'''commands and utilities, it's important for Linux users and Linux system administrators (sysadmin) to learn how to use commands “on-the-fly”.
==Command Line Editing==
[[Image:command-line-editing.png|thumb|right|520px|Command Line Editing Shortcut Keys. ]]
Learning '''shortcut keys''' in any OS terminal will allow you to be more productive as a ''Linux user'' or ''Linux System Administrator'' (commonly referred to as: '''Linux sysadmin''').
Let'''Getting Help with Linux Commands'''s learn a few common Bash Shell keyboard shortcut keys and find out where you can access online help for additional shortcuts (if required).
'''Perform the Following Steps:Running a Shell Script to Check Student Online Tutorial Participation'''<table align="right"><tr valign="top"><td>[[Image:script-check-1.png|thumb|right|250px|If all all check pass, then user performed can proceed.]]</td><td>[[Image:script-check-2.png|thumb|right|450px|If there is a warning, then feedback is provided to user to correct and re-run checking script.]]</td></table>
'''Perform the Following Steps:'''
# Type Make certain that your current directory is '''your home directory''' by entering the following Linux command, but DON’T press the ENTER key: <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">cd /bin</span><br><br># Press the * <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ctrl-a</span> key combination. What happens?<br><br># Press the <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">alt-F</span> key combination (ESC+F for Mac OSx). What happens?<br><br># Press the <span style="colorfamily:bluecourier;font-weight:bold">ctrl-wcd</span> shortcut. What happens?<br><br># Type Issue the following commandto run a checking script: <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ls</span><br><br># Press the * <span style="color:blue;font-weightfamily:bold">ctrl-e</span> key combination and press <span style="courier;color:blue;font-weight:bold">ENTER<~uli101/span><br><br># Press the up arrow key. What happens?<br><br># Press the <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ctrlweek1-ucheck</span> key combination. What happens?<br><br># Press the <span style="color* '''Note:blue;font-weight:bold''' The beginning character ">up arrow</span> key combination, and see what happens when you press <span style='''~'''"color:blue;font-weight:bold">BACKSPACE</span> , <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold"><ctrl><BACKSPACE></span> and <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold"><ctrl><h></span>is called '''tilde'''. Why You get this character by pressing '''SHIFT''' + '''`''' (which is it important the key to know those series the left of key combinations?<br><br>the number 1 on your keyboard). # Press the <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ctrl-u</span> key combination to Your screen should clear the lineand indicate that you have proved that you have successfully logged in.<br><br># Press the <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ctrl-l</span> key combination. What happens? What is the advantage of using this key combination then issuing the An email will be sent to your Seneca email as '''clearconfirmation''' command?in case your ULI101 professor is assigning marks to these tutorials.#* Keep those confirmation email messages for the duration of this semester as proof that you have completed those checking scripts in case there is a discrepancy in tutorial grades.<br><br>!-- NOTE: ONLINE ASSIGNMENTS ARE RETIRED AND REPLACED WITH ONLINE TUTORIALS and REVIEW QUESTIONS
===Part 2: Performing Online Assignments ===
You are required to perform '''3 online assignments''' during throughout this course. This online assignment is used to teach and reinforce Linux commands are techniques as well as using <br>Linux commands to perform tasks gain experience for '''quizzes''', '''test 1''' (midterm) and tests students on their knowledge of issuing Linux commands'''test 2''' (final).
In this sectioninvestigation, you will learn to :* '''select Select the correct section''' for your online assignments, how to perform assignment submission* Perform the '''first two sectionssection''' and '''3 parts of the second section''' of assignment #1, how to * '''verifyVerify''' that you successfully completed both sections, and how to * '''exitExit''' your online assignment #1.
<br>
'''Perform the following steps:'''
[[Image:assnAssn-initial-windowwindow3.png|thumb|right|250px|Initial Assignment Window to Allow Student to Select Correct Course Section. ]]
# In your Matrix account, issue the following command:<br><span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold;font-family:courier">~uli101/a1</span><br><br>
# Press '''ENTER''' at the "Notes" screen.<br><br># A screen similar to the one displayed on the right will appear.<br><br><span style="color:red;">'''WARNING''': You need to select the <u>'''CORRECT '''</u> section for the course which you belong to.<br>If you do <u>NOT </u> select your correct section, your assignment may not be recorded for marks!</span><br><br># Determine your '''ULI101 three-letter course section code''' from your timetable.<br><br># Select the '''3 letter(s)code''' corresponding to the <u>correct</u> '''ULI101 <u>section</u>''' and '''professor''' and press <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ENTER</span><br><br># After you have selected your course section, There will be a screen that provides several important notes before proceeding.<br>Please take a few moments to read those notes and press <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ENTER</span> to proceed.<br><br>[[Image:assn-mainsection-windowcompletion.png|thumb|right|250px|Main Assignment Window to Confirm View Which Sections Need to be Completed Sections and Correct Course Section. ]]# The assignment main menu will then be displayed.<br><br>'''NOTES:'''<ul><li>Near the bottom of the window, you will see '''"You are currently registered to"''' followed by the '''section letter''' and '''instructor name'''. Double-check your course timetable to confirm that this the correct section letter. If you have selected the WRONG section, type <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">C</span> in the menu selection area and press <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">ENTER</span>. You will return back to the original window to select your correct course section.<br><br></li><li>Near the top of the window displays the sections to complete in the assignment. You are NOT required to complete all sections at the same time. You can check the assignment #1 link on the ULI101 main WIKI page to note the due date for assignment #1. Sections that are NOT completed will be displayed in '''reverse text with a blue background'''. On the other hand, when you compete a section, then the section will appear as regular text<br>(i.e not in reverse text).<br><br>[[Image:assn-sectioncompleted-completionwindow.png|thumb|right|250px|To confirm Main Assignment Window to Confirm Which Sections of Assignment Have or Have Not Been Completed. ]]</li><li>If you want to verify that you have completed sections for the assignment, look for the text '''"Marks earned so far for ULI101 Assignment:"''' and it will show how many sections have been completed. When it shows all sections completed, then your assignment is finished and you should receive full marks provided that you have selected your correct course section.<br><br></li></ul># At the '''Selections Available''' menu assignment #1 window, enter <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">1</span> in the menu selection area to begin the first section called '''"Introduction to Unix Commands"'''.<br><br>
# When you have completed this section, you will be returned to the main window.<br>View the contents of this window to confirm that you completed this section.<br><br>
# When you have time this week, enter <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">2</span> in the menu selection area to begin and perform the first section called 3 parts only<br>('''"Basic Unix Command Structure''', '''Entering and Editing Commands"''', '''Using the Online Manual''').<br><br>
# When you have completed this section, you will be returned to the main window.<br>View the contents of this window to confirm that you completed this section.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' Although you are NOT allowed to use reference sheets for course evaluations, it is recommended to create one for your personal use, and write down Linux commands, their arguments and options, so your can successfully perform quizzes, midterm exam, and final exam.<br><br>
# In order to exit the assignment #1 screen, enter <span style="color:blue;font-weight:bold">q</span><br><br># Re-run the command that you did in step #1 and go to the '''main menu'''.<br>What do you notice?<br><br>If you successfully completed the first two sections, they no longer appear in reverse video.<br>This indicates that you have completed the first two sections of this assignment (i.e. you do NOT have to save your work!).<br><br># Exit your Assignment 1, and exit your Matrix session.<br><br># Proceed to the next section to perform additional practice. Linux is about "doing"! The more practice questions you perform, <br>the better mark you will achieve for this course and have a better foundation of issuing Linux commands to be more productive in your future courses.<br><br> -->
= LINUX PRACTICE QUESTIONS =
The purpose of this section is to obtain '''extra practice''' to help with '''quizzes''', your '''midterm''', and your '''final exam'''.
Here is a link to the MS a Word Document document of ALL of the questions displayed below but with extra room to answer on the document tosimulate a quiz:
: https://ictwiki.cdot.senecacollege.ca/~murray.saululi101/uli101files/uli101_week1_practice.docx
Your instructor may take-up these questions during class. It is up to the student to attend classes in order to obtain the answers to the following questions. Your instructor will NOT provide these answers in any other form (eg. e-mail, etc).
'''Review Questions:'''
# What is a “'''Linux Cluster'''”? What is an advantage of using a Linux cluster?
# List '''three unique server names''' at Seneca college and briefly explain the purpose of that server.
# List the steps to connect and login to your Matrix Seneca College account on your '''laptop''' or your '''home computer'''.
# List alternative methods to connect to your Matrix account, including if you have an '''Apple Mac''' computer or are running the '''Linux''' operating system.
# List 3 unique ways to '''log-out''' of your Matrix account (not including closing the SSH window or application).
# What is the difference between a Linux '''command''' and an '''argument'''?
# What is the purpose of a Linux command '''option'''?
# What character(s) is are used to '''separate''' commands and arguments?# Create a '''table''' listing each Linux command, useful options that were mentioned in the online assignment #1 and command purpose this tutorial for the following Linux commands: <br>'''pwd''' , '''cd''' , '''ls''' , '''cal''' , '''date''' , '''who''' , '''w''' , '''whoami''' , '''who am I''' , '''clear'''
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Author: Murray Saul
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