NAD810 LDAP LAB

LDAP server using OpenLDAP

The OpenLDAP software package is an Open Source and Free implementation of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). It is gaining wide acceptance as the directory access method of the Internet and also with corporate intranets.

In this lab, you set up and configure an OpenLDAP server and configure LDAP clients to use the user account information stored in the LDAP server to perform user authenication. You can use the OpenLDAP client/server to replace your NIS client/server for network user authentication.

Notes: OpenLDAP Use TCP port 389 for regular communication and port 636 for encrypted transactions You need to have these ports opened on your firewall.

Part 1 - OpenLDAP server setup and configuration

Required RPMS for the OpenLDAP server

• openldap
• openldap-clients (for testing the server)
• openldap-devel (optional)
• openldap-servers
• nss_ldap

Sample nsswitch configuration file for LDAP: /usr/share/doc/nss_ldap-220/nsswitch_ldap

OpenLDAP Server configuration Summary

1. Create an OpenLDAP database
2. Create an OpenLDAP “root” password and edit the OpenLDAP main configuration file /etc/openldap/slapd.conf
3. Start the OpenLDAP server daemon
4. Create an LDIF file for importing to the OpenLDAP database
5. Import an LDIF file into the OpenLDAP database

OpenLDAP Server configuration details:

(1) Create an OpenLDAP database

mkdir /var/lib/ldap/nad810.com
chown ldap.ldap /var/lib/ldap/nad810.com
chmod 700 /var/lib/ldap/nad810.com

(2)Create an OpenLDAP “root” password and edit the OpenLDAP server's main configuration file “/etc/openldap/slapd.conf”

Only the LDAP's “rootdn” user can create, import, and export data into a LDAP database. You can use the slappasswd command to create a password and use it in the LDAP configuration file:

slappasswd

New password: [nad810]

Re-enter new password: [nad810]

{SSHA}3NVLOWwqIMka3OyIYLyGrrkirD0pU0Qx      <-- Copy this to the slapd.conf file

Add/Modify the slapd.conf to show the following:

database ldbm
suffix “dc=ops535,dc=com”
rootdn “cn=Manager,dc=nad810,dc=com”
rootpw {SSHA}3NVLOWwqIMka3OyIYLyGrrkirD0pU0Qx
directory /var/lib/ldap/ops535.com

(3) Start the OpenLDAP server daemon

service ldap start

To verify that the service is working, try the following query command:

ldapsearch -x -b  -s base '(objectclass=*)' namingContexts

You should get something similar to the following:

# extended LDIF
#
# LDAPv3
# base <> with scope baseObject
# filter: (objectclass=*)
# requesting: namingContexts 
#

#
dn:
namingContexts: dc=nad810,dc=com

# search result
search: 2
result: 0 Success

# numResponses: 2
# numEntries: 1

(4)Create an LDIF file for importing to the OpenLDAP database

  a. add an user called “ldapuser”
  useradd -g users ldapuser
  passwd ldapuser

  b. extract the passwd entry of ldapuser from  /etc/passwd to a file called "entry.ldapuser"
  grep ldapuser /etc/passwd > /etc/openldap/entry.ldapuser

  c. extract the passwd entry of root from /etc/passwd to a file called "entry.root"
  grep root /etc/passwd > /etc/openldap/entry.root

  d. convert the entries for the "ldapuser" and "root" to LDIF format (ldif.ldapuser and ldif.root):

  (Note that "\" at the end of the line is used to tell the shell that 
  the next line as a continuation of the current line)

  For ldapuser:
  /usr/share/openldap/migration/migrate_passwd.pl \
  /etc/openldap/entry.ldapuser /etc/openldap/ldif.ldapuser  

  For root:
  /usr/share/openldap/migration/migrate_passwd.pl \
  /etc/openldap/entry.root /etc/openldap/ldif.root

  e. edit ldif.ldapuser (change dc=pad1 to dc=nad810)
  dn: uid=ldapuser,ou=People,dc=padl,dc=com
  uid: ldapuser
  cn: ldapuser
  objectClass: account
  objectClass: posixAccount
  objectClass: top
  objectClass: shadowAccount
  userPassword: {crypt}!!
  shadowLastChange: 12821
  shadowMax: 99999
  shadowWarning: 7
  loginShell: /bin/bash
  uidNumber: 501
  gidNumber: 100
  homeDirectory: /home/ldapuser

  f. edit ldif.root (change dc=pad1 to dc=nad810)
  dn: uid=root,ou=People,dc=padl,dc=com
  uid: root
  cn: root
  objectClass: account
  objectClass: posixAccount
  objectClass: top
  objectClass: shadowAccount
  userPassword: {crypt}$1$3gRCMQww$8OCADPFZLjFr6DiFUi8Nn1
  shadowLastChange: 12759
  shadowMax: 99999
  shadowWarning: 7
  loginShell: /bin/bash
  uidNumber: 0
  gidNumber: 0
  homeDirectory: /root
  gecos: root

  g. create an LDIF file (nad810.com.ldif) for the nad810.com domain
  dn: dc=nad810,dc=com
  dc: nad810
  description: root LDAP entry for nad810
  objectClass: dcObject
  objectClass: organizationalUnit
  ou: rootobject

  dn: ou=People, dc=nad810, dc=com
  ou: People
  description: All people in nad810
  objectClass: organizationalUnit

  (Make sure that you have a blank line before the 2nd "dn:" line)

(5) Import LDIF files into the OpenLDAP database

ldapadd -x -D “cn=Manager,dc=nad810,dc=com” -W -f /etc/openldap/nad810.com.ldif
ldapadd -x -D “cn=Manager,dc=nad810,dc=com” -W -f /etc/openldap/ldif.root
ldapadd -x -D “cn=Manager,dc=nad810,dc=com” -W -f /etc/openldap/ldif.ldapuser

To test the OpenLDAP database:

ldapsearch -x -b 'dc=nad810,dc=com'  '(objectclass=*)'

Part 2 - Setup and configure OpenLDAP Client

Required RPMS for LDAP client

• openldap
• openldap-clients
• openldap-devel (optional)
• nss_ldap

OpenLDAP Client configuration

Edit the client configuration file /etc/ldap.conf

Find the line starts with the word "host" and set the IP address to the appropriate value. Use 127.0.0.1 if the OpenLDAP server is running on your own machine, otherwise set it to the IP address of the OpenLDAP server

Find the line starts with the word "base" and set the context to your base directory. For the purpose of this lab, set it to base dc=ops535,cd=com

Edit the name service switch configuration file /etc/nsswitch.conf

Enable LDAP for user authentication.

Test your OpenLDAP client with the ldapsearch command

ldapsearch -x 'uid=ldapuser'

To Complete the Lab

Document how to replace NIS with OpenLDAP and develop an easy interface to add new network users to the OpenLDAP server. Due Date: March 10, 2009