K2

Team members

• Youngmin Kim
• Kwangsoo Jin

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Assignment1

What is Bitonic sorting algorithm?

Bitonic mergesort is a parallel algorithm for sorting. It is also used as a construction method for building a sorting network. The algorithm was devised by Ken Batcher. The resulting sorting networks consist of O( n log^2( n )) comparators and have a delay of O( log^2( n )) , where n is the number of items to be sorted.(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitonic_sorter)

The process of bitonic algorithm

(https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/bitonic-sort/)

Analysis and Profiling

The bitonic sorting algorithm is devised for the input length n being a power of 2. To check the noticeable time gap, we put 2^15, 2^20, 2^25.

void bitonicSort(int* array, int N){
int i,j,k;
    for (k=2;k<=N;k=2*k) {
      for (j=k>>1;j>0;j=j>>1) {
        for (i=0;i<N;i++) {
          int ixj=i^j;
          if ((ixj)>i) {
            if ((i&k)==0 && array[i]>array[ixj]){
              int temp=array[i];
              array[i]=array[ixj];
              array[ixj]=temp;
            } 
            if ((i&k)!=0 && array[i]<array[ixj]){
              int temp=array[i];
              array[i]=array[ixj];
              array[ixj]=temp;
            } 
          }
        }
      }
    }
}

Flat profile

The size of array:2^16(65536)

Each sample counts as 0.01 seconds.
  %   cumulative   self              self     total           
 time   seconds   seconds    calls  ms/call  ms/call  name    
100.00      0.07     0.07        1    70.00    70.00  bitonicSort(int*, int)
  0.00      0.07     0.00        1     0.00     0.00  _GLOBAL__sub_I__Z11bitonicSortPii
  0.00      0.07     0.00        1     0.00     0.00  generateRandom(int*, int)
  0.00      0.07     0.00        1     0.00     0.00  __static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)

The size of array:2^20(1048576)

Each sample counts as 0.01 seconds.
  %   cumulative   self              self     total           
 time   seconds   seconds    calls   s/call   s/call  name    
 98.94      1.87     1.87        1     1.87     1.87  bitonicSort(int*, int)
  1.06      1.89     0.02        1     0.02     0.02  generateRandom(int*, int)
  0.00      1.89     0.00        1     0.00     0.00  _GLOBAL__sub_I__Z11bitonicSortPii
  0.00      1.89     0.00        1     0.00     0.00  __static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)

The size of array:2^24(16777216)

Each sample counts as 0.01 seconds.
  %   cumulative   self              self     total           
 time   seconds   seconds    calls   s/call   s/call  name    
 99.53     41.98    41.98        1    41.98    41.98  bitonicSort(int*, int)
  0.47     42.18     0.20        1     0.20     0.20  generateRandom(int*, int)
  0.00     42.18     0.00        1     0.00     0.00  _GLOBAL__sub_I__Z11bitonicSortPii
  0.00     42.18     0.00        1     0.00     0.00  __static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)

Assignment2

First, array is unsorted array.

second box is stage 1, and orange boxes are sorted in ascending order and green boxes are sorted in descending order. Third box is stage 2 and it has 2 rounds. In first round, there are 2 orange and green boxes that contains 4 elements. in this case, index 0 and 2 and 1 and 3 will be compared and sorted in ascending if orange box and in descending if green box. then in round 2, index 0 and 1 , 2 and 3 ... will be compared and sorted. Third box and Fourth box are same.

This is launch statement. we use nested for loop. i is stage and it increases until log2(n). for example, let say n is 16, so i is 1 to 4. Another for loop represents round and round cannot be bigger than stage.

This is bitonic kernel. There are several variables. Gap gap expresses gap between 2 elements that will be compared. for example, if stage is 2 and round is 1, gap will be 2. because index 0 will be compared with index 2 and index 1 will be compared with index 3. if stage is 2 and round is 2, gap will be 1 and index 0 will be compared with index 1 so on.

Group group shows where each threads are involved in whether ascending or descending order. for example, thread 0 in stage 1 will be 0 because (0 / ( 1 << (1-1))) % 2 = 0 and thread 1 will be 1 because (1 / (1 << (1-1))) % 2 = 1. so in stage 1, thread will have 0 1 0 1 0 1 .... so each threads will sort in ascending and in descending in order. if stage is 2, thread 0 will be 0 and thread 1 will also be 0 because ( 1 / (1 << 1)) % 2 = 0. so each threads in stage 2 will have 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 ....