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[ Each command is worth one mark. ] | [ Each command is worth one mark. ] | ||
− | 1st COMMAND: | + | 1st COMMAND: mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb2 |
− | 2nd COMMAND: | + | 2nd COMMAND: e2label /dev/sdb2 BACKUP |
− | 3rd COMMAND: | + | 3rd COMMAND: tune2fs -c 50 /dev/sdb2 |
− | 4th COMMAND: | + | 4th COMMAND: e2fsck -ycfv /dev/sdb2 |
− | 5th COMMAND: | + | 5th COMMAND: mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt |
</pre> | </pre> | ||
− | + | ||
− | 2. Describe the process | + | 2. Describe the process to create two partitions on drive sdb (1 and 2), make them into physical volumes, create a volume group named seneca containing sdb1 and a logical volume (500M) named home. Format the logical volume as an ext3 filesystem and label it myhome. Then extent the logical volume by 1GB and resize the filesystem the file system to fill it. |
− | + | <pre> | |
1st COMMAND: fdisk /dev/sdb | 1st COMMAND: fdisk /dev/sdb | ||
2nd COMMAND: pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 | 2nd COMMAND: pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 | ||
− | 3rd COMMAND: vgcreate /dev/sdb1 | + | 3rd COMMAND: vgcreate seneca /dev/sdb1 |
4th COMMAND: lvcreate -n home --size 500M seneca | 4th COMMAND: lvcreate -n home --size 500M seneca | ||
− | + | 5th COMMAND: mkfs.ext3 /dev/seneca/home | |
+ | |||
+ | 6th COMMAND: mount /dev/seneca/home /mnt | ||
+ | |||
+ | 7th COMMAND: e2label /dev/seneca/home myhome | ||
+ | |||
+ | 8th COMMAND: vgextend seneca /dev/sdb2 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 9th COMMAND: lvextend -L +1G /dev/seneca/home | ||
+ | |||
+ | 10th COMMAND: resize2fs /dev/seneca/home | ||
+ | |||
+ | +------[ Volume Group (VG) - lvmdsk ]------+ | ||
+ | | +--[ PV - hda1 ]---+ +--[ PV - hdb1 ]--+ | | ||
+ | | | PE PE PE PE PE PE| | PE PE PE PE PE | | | ||
+ | | +------------------+ +-----------------+ | | ||
+ | | | | | | | | ||
+ | | | | +-----------------+ | | | ||
+ | | | +----------------+ | | | ||
+ | | | | | | | | ||
+ | | +-[ LV - var ]-+ +-[ LV - home ]-+ | | ||
+ | | | LE LE LE LE | | LE LE LE LE | | | ||
+ | | +--------------+ +---------------+ | | ||
+ | +---------------------------------------------+ | ||
+ | source: http://focalinux.cipsga.org.br/guia/inic_interm/ch-disc.htm | ||
+ | |||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | [[Image:lvm.png]] | ||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | 3. Steps to compile the linux kernel | ||
+ | |||
+ | 1st make mrproper | ||
+ | 2nd make oldconfig | ||
+ | 3rd make menuconfig | ||
+ | 4th make | ||
+ | 5th make modules_install | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4. Steps to reduce the LV (logical Volume) | ||
+ | |||
+ | 1. To reduce the volume the file system has to reduced first. | ||
+ | In this example the original size of LV is 240 MB and we | ||
+ | have to reduce it by 200. Means the resulting LV size would be 40 MB | ||
+ | |||
+ | (a)File system has to unmounted before reducing | ||
+ | |||
+ | #umount /mnt | ||
+ | |||
+ | (b)make sure the file system is in consistence state before reducing | ||
+ | |||
+ | # fsck -f /dev/seneca/home | ||
+ | |||
+ | (c)reduce the size by 200MB | ||
+ | |||
+ | # resize2fs /dev/seneca/home 40M | ||
+ | |||
+ | (d)Now we can reduce the LV. | ||
− | + | #lvreduce /dev/seneca/home -L 40M | |
− | + | PS: wrong values/parameters may render file system unavailable | |
+ | |||
+ | ref:RHCE exam Book | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
− | + | <pre> | |
+ | 5. Kick Start Procedure | ||
− | + | - Install Fedora | |
+ | - sudo yum -y install k3b isomaster | ||
+ | - use k3b to rip Fedora Installation DVD into ISO | ||
+ | - use isomaster to copy file "/root/anaconda-ks.cfg" from local Fedora partition into the ISO file, put it in root directory in the ISO file, "/ks.cfg" | ||
+ | - open "ks.cfg" find the line... | ||
+ | "bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda,sdb --apppend="rhgb quiet"" | ||
+ | - change to | ||
+ | "bootloader --location=sdb --driveorder=sda,sdb --apppend="rhgb quiet"" | ||
+ | -save and add to the image ISO, make sure the name is "ks.cfg" on ISO Image. | ||
+ | -if u're not running with root, use root to copy it to avaliable directory and make sure it's readable for your current user | ||
+ | -in your image list, open /isolinux/isolinux.cfg | ||
+ | -find "label linux" and edit the line "append initrd=initrd.img" to "append initrd=initrd.img ks=cdrom" | ||
+ | -save "isolinux.cfg" and add to the image ISO | ||
+ | - use k3b to burn iso image to a new DVD | ||
+ | - boot the target PC with the new Fedora installation DVD\ | ||
+ | - in boot prompt, press "c" to add boot option | ||
+ | - type "ks=cdrom" to let installation read the ks.cfg from DVD rom | ||
+ | - sit back and have a cup of tea.. ^^ | ||
− | |||
</pre> | </pre> |
Latest revision as of 15:57, 27 November 2008
Example Midterm Test Questions
1. List the 5 steps (exact commands) you would enter in order to format an ext3 file system on hard drive partition /dev/sdb2, label it BACKUP, set its maximum mount count to 50, check it for errors and mount it on directory /mnt. You should assume the mount point and the hard drive partition already exist and that the partition has never been formatted. [ Each command is worth one mark. ] 1st COMMAND: mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb2 2nd COMMAND: e2label /dev/sdb2 BACKUP 3rd COMMAND: tune2fs -c 50 /dev/sdb2 4th COMMAND: e2fsck -ycfv /dev/sdb2 5th COMMAND: mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt
2. Describe the process to create two partitions on drive sdb (1 and 2), make them into physical volumes, create a volume group named seneca containing sdb1 and a logical volume (500M) named home. Format the logical volume as an ext3 filesystem and label it myhome. Then extent the logical volume by 1GB and resize the filesystem the file system to fill it.
1st COMMAND: fdisk /dev/sdb 2nd COMMAND: pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 3rd COMMAND: vgcreate seneca /dev/sdb1 4th COMMAND: lvcreate -n home --size 500M seneca 5th COMMAND: mkfs.ext3 /dev/seneca/home 6th COMMAND: mount /dev/seneca/home /mnt 7th COMMAND: e2label /dev/seneca/home myhome 8th COMMAND: vgextend seneca /dev/sdb2 9th COMMAND: lvextend -L +1G /dev/seneca/home 10th COMMAND: resize2fs /dev/seneca/home +------[ Volume Group (VG) - lvmdsk ]------+ | +--[ PV - hda1 ]---+ +--[ PV - hdb1 ]--+ | | | PE PE PE PE PE PE| | PE PE PE PE PE | | | +------------------+ +-----------------+ | | | | | | | | | | +-----------------+ | | | | +----------------+ | | | | | | | | | +-[ LV - var ]-+ +-[ LV - home ]-+ | | | LE LE LE LE | | LE LE LE LE | | | +--------------+ +---------------+ | +---------------------------------------------+ source: http://focalinux.cipsga.org.br/guia/inic_interm/ch-disc.htm
3. Steps to compile the linux kernel 1st make mrproper 2nd make oldconfig 3rd make menuconfig 4th make 5th make modules_install
4. Steps to reduce the LV (logical Volume) 1. To reduce the volume the file system has to reduced first. In this example the original size of LV is 240 MB and we have to reduce it by 200. Means the resulting LV size would be 40 MB (a)File system has to unmounted before reducing #umount /mnt (b)make sure the file system is in consistence state before reducing # fsck -f /dev/seneca/home (c)reduce the size by 200MB # resize2fs /dev/seneca/home 40M (d)Now we can reduce the LV. #lvreduce /dev/seneca/home -L 40M PS: wrong values/parameters may render file system unavailable ref:RHCE exam Book
5. Kick Start Procedure - Install Fedora - sudo yum -y install k3b isomaster - use k3b to rip Fedora Installation DVD into ISO - use isomaster to copy file "/root/anaconda-ks.cfg" from local Fedora partition into the ISO file, put it in root directory in the ISO file, "/ks.cfg" - open "ks.cfg" find the line... "bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda,sdb --apppend="rhgb quiet"" - change to "bootloader --location=sdb --driveorder=sda,sdb --apppend="rhgb quiet"" -save and add to the image ISO, make sure the name is "ks.cfg" on ISO Image. -if u're not running with root, use root to copy it to avaliable directory and make sure it's readable for your current user -in your image list, open /isolinux/isolinux.cfg -find "label linux" and edit the line "append initrd=initrd.img" to "append initrd=initrd.img ks=cdrom" -save "isolinux.cfg" and add to the image ISO - use k3b to burn iso image to a new DVD - boot the target PC with the new Fedora installation DVD\ - in boot prompt, press "c" to add boot option - type "ks=cdrom" to let installation read the ks.cfg from DVD rom - sit back and have a cup of tea.. ^^