* (Course Notes This lab's primary focus is to set up a Samba server on a Linux server in order to allow MS Windows users to share common files from the Apache Web Server)*[http://www.tomsitpro.com/articles/linux-Linux's Samba server-configuration-guide-book-excerpt,2-777-2.html Samba Server Setup] (Simple setup guide for samba server]

The basic purpose of In this investigation, we will set up a '''Samba server''' on our '''VM2''' machine. We will first install, configure and enable the Apache web samba server is to serve text pages, imageson our virtual machine, and other static files. You can format those web-pages then we will quickly test to appear nice, but they would lack dynamic functionality (i.e. see if the ability to change colors or font-size when the mouse moves over a link, button, etc). In other words using Apache web-Samba server as a sole application would not make your web-pages more interestingworks.

We#Make certain that both your '''VM1''' and '''VM2''' machines are running.#Switch to your '''VM2'''ll need a new virtual machineas the '''root''' user. Because you probably forgot how #Issue the following Linux command to install one Samba server utlity:<br>'''yum install samba samba- go through client'''<br>#Copy the file '''/etc/samba/smb.conf''' to another filename by issuing the following command:<br>'''cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.original'''#Clear the contents of the exercise again, and set up a vm4 from scratchconfiguration file by running '''cat /dev/null > /etc/samba/smb. Only a minimal setup is neededconf'''#Edit '''/etc/samba/smb. Configure it in conf''' so that the same way file that you've configured contains the other three main VMs. This should be a quick exercise for you by now, includingfollowing lines:* The installation, [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP server string = "put your real name here without the quotes" encrypt passwords = yes security = user passdb backend = tdbsam [home] comment = "put your real name here without the quotes" path = /home/<yourSenecaID> public = no writable = yes printable = no create mask = 0765 [homes] comment = automatic home share* Connecting public = no writable = yes printable = no create mask = 0765 browseable = no<ol><li value="3">Append (add) the following parameter to the correct bottom of the '''[global] section''' that will limit access to the share so that only machines in your virtual network with a static IP (the address will be able to access it:</li></ol> hosts allow = 192.168.Xx. 127.0.5 should be available0.1<ol><li value="4">Append (add),* Making sure youthe following parameter to the '''[home] section'''re using so that only your internal DNS server,user account can access that share:</li></ol> valid users = <yourSenecaID>* Configuring default rules <ol><li value="5">Create a Samba account and password for your iptables firewall,* Allowing passwordless login from yourSenecaID by issuing the hostfollowing command:<br>'''smbpasswd -a <yourSenecaID>''s root account,* Disabling selinux since you don't know how to configure it properly.</li></ol>

As an interesting exercise{{Admon/tip|Changing Existing Samba Account Passwords|If you need to change a user's existing Samba account password, you can issue the following command as root: configure all your network settings (except the firewall) during the installation wizard'''smbpasswd username'''.}}

<ol><li value="6">Confirm the user you created has been added using the following command:<br>'''pdbedit -L -v'''</li><li>Test and review your configuration with the command:<br>'''testparm'''</li><li>Use the '''systemctl''' command to start the smb.service and enable the service to run on boot-up</li><li>If you have SELinux set to enforcing, you'll will need to tell it to allow samba access to home directories by running: <br> '''setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs 1'''</li><li>Use the '''ss -nautp''' command to see with port Samba is running on.</li><li>Use the information in the previous step to modify the firewall on VM2 machine to allow samba traffic.</li><li>Test to see that you can connect to your Samba server (locally) by issuing the following command:<br>'''smbclient -U <yourSenecaID> -L 127.0.0.1'''</li><li>When prompted, enter your Samba account password.</li><li>The output from that issued command show appear similar to example displayed below:</li></ol> Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- home Disk Your Name IPC$ IPC IPC Service ("Your Name") Domain= Apache [WORKGROUP] OS=[Windows 6.1] Server=[Samba 4.2.3] Server Comment ------ ------- WorkGroup Master --------- ------ <ol><li value="13">To access the Samba client shell on your local Samba share, issue the following command:<br>'''smbclient '\\127.0.0.1\home' -U <yourSenecaID>'''</li><li>Enter your Samba account password.</li><li>Issue the help command to note common commands (''dir'', ''cd'', ''ls'', ''put'', ''get''). Note how similar they are to ''sftp'' commands.</li><li>Enter '''exit''' to terminal your local Samba session.</li></ol>

Install Apache (the package name is httpd), start the service, make it start automaticallyYou can use smbclient to access, browse and share files within other Linux and allow access to it through the firewall (Apache serves HTTP traffic Windows servers using a variety of tools which goes over TCP port 80)will be demonstrated in Investigations 2 and 3.

Now if you navigate to vm4.youruserid.org '''Record steps, commands, and your observations in a web browser INVESTIGATION 1 in your host OPS335 lab log- you should see an Apache testing page.book'''

We're not going In this investigation you will explore some of the different ways to have access a lot of time to study various Apache options so we'll tell you what you're looking for but you have to find it yourselfshared directory from a Linux client machine (VM1).

<pre>Hello, this is a web page '''Perform the following steps on vm4.yourid.org and the current time is Mar 28 22:16:27 EDT 2016!</pre>your VM1'''

If you refresh #Install the '''samba-client''' and '''cifs-utils''' packages.#Use the page "smbclient" command in Firefox a terminal window.<source> smbclient '\\vm2\home' - U <yourSenecaID></source>#After entering your password you should get a prompt similar to:<source> smb: \></source>#Enter the ls command to see a list of the contents of files in your indexhome directory:<source> smb: \> ls</source>#Once you have access to the directory use the get and put commands (similar to ftp) to move files.html. If you like - #When you can specify are finished close the filename indexconnection.html in the address but there# Try again using '''[homes]''' share instead<source> smbclient 's no need since it\\vm2\homes's a default.-U <yourSenecaID></source>

It may seem obvious - but notice Note that the time doesn't change as you refresh the pagethis tool only gave temporary access with a limited set of commands.

== PHP = Using 'mount -t cifs' ===

We'll replace our '''index.html''' Instead of always having to use the smbclient command to connect to your network share, you can have the share automatically mounted upon your file with an '''indexserver boot-up.php''' with the following contents:

Notice that in a web browser the index.php file isn't treated as a default page and the contents don't contain 'Perform the date, but instead have exactly the text above. Thatfollowing steps on your VM1's because the PHP interpreter isn't installed by default on CentOS. Install it. The package comes with a working default Apache configuration so you don't need to enable it manually.

Refresh #Issue the page, notice that you now see the date instead of the call following commands to the date command. This is create a trivial example of dynamic web content mount-point and to mount your home directory from your vm2 machine:<source> mkdir /tmp/vm2-home mount -t cifs //vm2/home /tmp/vm2- home -o username=<yourSenecaID> ls /tmp/vm2-home</source>#Create a file in that directory, then switch to '''vm2''' to confirm that it doesnwas created.#Use umount on '''vm1'''t need to be the same every time you look at itunmount that directory.

MySQL is used Note that this tool would leave the directory mounted until the machine rebooted or it was manually unmounted. It would also allow other users access to allow storage and retrieval the directory, as it effectively became part of structured datathe local filesystem. SQL is used by countless services for all kinds of use cases. Again It could even be added to fstab to be mounted on boot (though this would require another configuration file we wondon't spend much time learning the details of MySQL configuration but you need a basic server set up. You may remember setting up MySQL from OPS235 - we're doing the nearly identical thing herecover).

When you start the service - you'll get some instructions in the log file about setting This investigation will configure your VM2 machine to act as a root password. Even though we won't configure our service Samba File server to allow Windows OS Users access to be accessible over the network - you should get into the habit of doing this with every MySQL installation you ever makeLinux Samba server files.

Note that MySQL has two root passwords - one for localhost and one for external requests. Just run the two commands you're given in the log. Use ===Accessing Files on a password you make up yourself, but don't use a secret password - you'll be putting it in a plain text file later.Linux Samba Server via Windows Explorer ===

We'll install Roundcube Mail. Download ''Perform the tarball from their website directly into the html directory of your vm4 using wget. This part may take some effort depending on the Sourceforge website.following tasks:'''

Extract # Make certain that your '''VM2''' machine is running, is still allowing samba traffic through the tarball firewall, and rename is still running the directory samba service.# Use the Windows machine you are already running Vmware on. If you have a Linux host - good for you, you can either use a Windows VM or skip this part.# Add the prerouting and forwarding rules to your host's iptables necessary to redirect samba traffic from outside your network to your VM2, making sure to replace the X with your own network address.::<code>iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --dport 139 -d 192.168.X.3 -j ACCEPT</code>::<code>iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --dport 445 -d 192.168.X.3 -j ACCEPT</code>::<code>iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 139 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.3</code>::<code>iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 445 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.3</code>OR with specifing the interface (whichever works):::<code>iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i *externalinterface* -p tcp --dport 139 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.3</code>::<code>iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i *externalinterface* -p tcp --dport 445 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.X.3</code>where *externalinterface* is an interface name (e.g. ens33)<br>'''NOTE:''' when you restart libvirtd, it will move your FORWARD rules to the end of the chain, invalidating them.# Modify the '''hosts allow''webmail'setting on your '''vm2''' to also accept connections from the windows machine you are using.# Open the Windows File Explorer application.# At the top of the application, enter the following:<br>'''\\EXTERNAL_IPADDR_OF_HOST\home'''

Some notes|- valign="top"|[[Image:samba-login.png|thumb|right|300px|You will be prompted (once only) for the Samba user-name and password for your '''VM2''' machine). ]]|[[Image:samba3-map-drive.png|thumb|right|300px|You can create a '''mapped network drive (z:)''' for your Linux Samba server network share). ]]|}

* Be careful about copy<ol><li value="5"> You will be prompted to enter your samba username and password (one time only). Refer to screenshot on right.<br><br>'''NOTE:''' It may take approximately 30 seconds to display the file contents.<br><br></li><li>Were you successful? You should have received an error stating the your credentials are incorrect. You will notice that it adds SENEDS to the beginning of your user name, as the Seneca machine is pre-pasting configured to be part of that workgroup.</li><li>Change the MySQL setup partworkgroup parameter in smb.conf on VM2 to match the seneca domain SENEDS, and try to connect again.</li><li>Were you successful? If not, don't try to rush ittroubleshoot the problem first, then ask your lab assistant or instructor for assistance.</li><li>Close the Windows File Explorer application window.* You</li><li>Click on the '''START'''ll need to install a couple more Apache modules: php-xmlmenu, php-pdoand click on '''This PC'''.</li><li>Click on the Map Network Drive button, and php-mysqlcreate a '''mapped network drive''' (called it drive '''Z:''') which is a Samba share of your VM2 machine for the home directory.* Don</li><li>When finished, click on 't forget ''Network''' in Windows file manager to set confirm that the password network share is present.</li><li>Try to create a file on Windows on your Linux Samba machine. Were you able to create a save a file?</li><li>Switch to your VM2 machine and check to see if that file was created in the roundcube configurationyour home directory.</li></ol>

Note that both {{Admon/important |Backup your IMAP and SMTP servers are VMs!|You MUST perform a '''full backup''' of ALL of your VMs whenever you complete your '''OPS335 labs''' or when working on different machines, not on vm4your '''OPS335 assignments'''. For that to work you'll need to set You should be using the following options for Roundcube:dump or rsync command VMs.}}

* $config['smtp_server']* $config['default_hostRecord steps, commands, and your observations from this INVESTIGATION in your OPS335 lab log-book']* $config['default_port']

(the last two are your IMAP ==COMPLETING THE LAB==In completing this lab you have gained experience using a service that allows remote access to files stored on a Linux server). You should be able have also learned how to test the configuration in your Roundcube installer Step 3use several different tools to access those files, both from a Linux and Windows client..

== COMPLETING THE LAB =Online Submission===Follow the instructions for lab 5 on blackboard.<!--===Andrew's sections===

Students should be prepared with You may choose to:* Submit screenshots of your work on Blackboard, in which case you don'''all required commands (system information) displayed in a terminal (or multiple terminals) prior t need to come to the lab.* Or come to calling the instructor for signoff''lab, show me your work, and talk to me about it. I want to hear what you've learned and answer any questions you have.

You'''Arrange evidence (command output) for each ll get the same grade regardless of these items on how you choose to submit your screen, then ask your instructor to review them and sign off on the lab's completion:'''work.

::<span style="color:green;font-size:1.5em;">&#x2713;</span>Your webmail showing Proof of network share of VM2 machine from Windows VM via Windows Explorer application::<span style="color:green;font-size:1.5em;">&#x2713;</span> Firewall settings on your inboxWindows VM to allow Linux Samba network share::<span style="color:green;font-size:1.5em;">&#x2713;</span> Display contents of '''/etc/samba/smb.conf''' file on VM2 machine::<span style="color:green;font-size:1.5em;">&#x2713;</span>Your webmail sending an email outFirewall exceptions (both machines) to allow Samba traffic::<span style="color:green;font-size:1.5em;">&#x2713;</span>You receiving that mail on an exernal accountDownload and run '''https://ict.senecacollege.ca/~andrew.smith/ops335/labcheck5.bash'''::<span style="color:green;font-size:1.5em;">&#x2713;</span>Completed Lab5 log-book notes.--> ==EXPLORATION QUESTIONS==  #What does SMB stand for?#What does CIFS stand for?#What is the purpose of the '''testparm''' command?#What does the text inside square brackets in the '''smb.conf''' file mean? (e.g., "[home]").#Explain the meaning of the line "create mask = 0765" in the smb.conf file?#What does the '''smbpasswd''' command do?