Difference between revisions of "Endian"
Chris Tyler (talk | contribs) (→Other Memory Sequences) |
Chris Tyler (talk | contribs) (→Origin of the Terms) |
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== Origin of the Terms == | == Origin of the Terms == | ||
| − | The terms ''Big-Endian'' and ''Little-Endian'' originally appeared in the | + | The terms ''Big-Endian'' and ''Little-Endian'' originally appeared in the classic satirical tale [https://www.gutenberg.org/files/829/829-h/829-h.htm Gulliver's Travels] by Jonathan Swift, where they referred to which end of a boiled egg was opened first. |
Revision as of 14:44, 4 January 2017
The Endian-ism of a processor refers to the order in which multi-byte values are stored in memory.
Little-Endian
Little-endian systems store the least-significant byte of a multi-byte value at the lowest address.
For example, on 6502 systems (with a 8 bit/1 byte word size), the 16-bit value $FFEE stored at address $1000 would be stored like this:
$1000 $EE $1001 $FF
Likewise, on an x86_64 system, the 64-bit value 0xFFEEDDCCBBAA9988 would be stored at memory location 0x1000 like this:
0x1000 0x88 0x1001 0x99 0x1002 0xAA 0x1003 0xBB 0x1004 0xCC 0x1005 0xDD 0x1006 0xEE 0x1007 0xFF
Big-Endian
Big-endian systems store multi-byte values with the most significant byte at the lowest address.
For example, on a Motorola 68030 CPU, the value 0xFFEEDDCC would be written at memory location 0x1000 as:
0x1000 0xFF 0x1001 0xEE 0x1002 0xDD 0x1003 0xCC
Bi-endian
Bi-endian CPUs can store data in either format (though sometimes not instructions). ARM Aarch32 and Aarch64 systems, PowerPC, Alpha, recent SPARC, MIPS, and Itanium systems are bi-endian.
Other Memory Sequences
There are a few, rare architectures which store values in a sequence other than strict little-endian or big-endian format. For example, the 32-bit value FFEEDDCCh would be stored by a PDP-11 at address 1000h in this manner:
1000h EEh 1001h FFh 1002h CCh 1003h DDh
That is, each 16-bit word is stored in little-endian format, but the two 16-bit words are in big-endian sequence.
Origin of the Terms
The terms Big-Endian and Little-Endian originally appeared in the classic satirical tale Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, where they referred to which end of a boiled egg was opened first.
